术语“绝对判断”的详细信息

英译术语:

absolute judgment

汉语语境:

男女在视知觉方式上有差异。比起女生，男生对知觉层次的信息量更加敏感，且更易形成整体知觉。而女生比男生更加善于观察和辨认细小特征。认知任务的明确存在与否，影响人的观察方式。在消极观察下，被试更倾向于保持一定的唤醒水平，对易于判断的图形更多注视。而有认知任务时，被试对较难判断的图形注视较多。视觉对于刺激的变化敏感。任务为绝对判断时，目标特征的变化需要较少注意资源；无关干扰使所需注意资源变大，目标变化与无关干扰的作用相互独立。任务为相对比较时，目标与干扰的作用为交互，在有干扰时，目标特征的变化使所需注意资源不降反升。

英语语境:

1. There are gender differences in visual perception. Males are more sensitive to the amount of information at the perceptual level and more likely to form global perception than are females. Females are better at observing and recognizing finer features than are males.2. Whether or not there is an assigned perception task influences the manner of observation.In passive observation, subjects tend to maintain a certain level of arousal by fixating more on easier stimuli. But when doing specific tasks, subjects fixate more on difficult stimuli.3. Visual system is sensitive to changing stimuli.In absolute judgement, the change of target feature lessens the need on attention resource while irrelevant disturbance increases the allocation of attention resource. The effects of target change and irrelevant change are independent. In relative comparison, target change and irrelevant change influence attentional need interactively:the change of target feature results in more allocation of attention resource during disturbance.

英译术语:

definite judgment

汉语语境:

数学教育国际比较具有不同的研究类型。如果比较研究是以国际相关研究为参照物研究本国数学教育问题,或是纯粹指明比较对象之间的异同点,那么这种研究具有可比性;如果比较研究在罗列异同的基础上作出优与劣的绝对判断,或者指明造成差异的决定性原因,那么这种研究就不具可比性。评价性比较和解释性比较的可比性具有相对性。可比性并不是一个绝对概念,而与研究目的密切相关。

英语语境:

There are different research types of international comparison in mathematics education. If the comparative research studies native mathematics education by referring to international related research, or solely describes the similarities or differences between the objects which are being compared, there is comparability. If basing on presenting the similarities or differences, the comparison forms a definite judgment of good or bad, or identifies the determinant which makes the differences, there is no comparability. It appears that the comparability of evaluative and interpretative comparison is relative. Comparability isn’t absolute, it is relative to the research purpose.