术语“社会风气”的详细信息

英译术语:

general mood of society

汉语语境:

常时节是西门庆的朋友，《金瓶梅词话》中的次要人物，也是明代后期小市民阶层的代表。在《词话》中，常时节的特殊之处，在于他以一介贫民，却能维持、发展与西门庆的“贫贱之交”，从而得到西门庆的资助，解决住房与生计问题。他之所以靠西门庆的施舍而不是自己的劳动为生，既是因为明代后期普通劳动者收入微薄，也是当时的社会风气使然。此外，通过常时节这个人物，也可以一窥明代后期小市民的消费观念和消费行为，并预测其最终命运。

英语语境:

Chang Shijie is Ximen Qing's friend, a minor role of Jinpingmei Cihua, and representative of citizens in low class of the late Ming Dynasty. In Jinpingmei Cihua, the most noticeable plot about Chang Shijie is that he succeeded in maintaining and promoting friendship with Ximen Qing though he is only a pauper. Then he got money from Ximen Qing to sustain his family and buy a house. A possible reason that he chose to live on begging rather than working is that ordinary laborers in the late Ming Dynasty earned meager salaries. The general mood of society at that time might be another reason. In addition, the consumption conception and custom of citizens in low class of the late Ming Dynasty can be seen from Chang Shijie. And it helps to predict their final fate.

英译术语:

social atmosphere

汉语语境:

为探讨影响学龄儿童适应行为的有关因素，用美国智力低下协会编制的适应行为量表和２５个家庭社会因素问卷对600名６～12岁学生进行测量。Ｐearson相应分析和逐步回归分析发现，反映儿童社会适应能力的ＡＡＭＤ－ＡＢＳ第一部分总分与年龄、主要照管人、家长对孩子做事的态度和听取孩子意见相关，这４个因素及父亲学历进入了回归方程。ＡＡＭＤ－ＡＢＳ第二部分总反映了儿童在适应行为和习惯方面存在的问题。与性别、社会风气、听取孩子意见、子女数目、主要照管人、养育类型和家长对孩子做事的态度等变量相关，性别、社会风气、听取孩子意见、子女数目、家庭类型、孩子出生时父亲年龄和父亲职业等７个变量也进入了回归方程。结果提示学龄儿童适应行为受这些家庭社会因素影响。

英语语境:

To research the factors relating to the adaptive behaviors in school children, the AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale (AAMD ABS) and a questionnaire including twenty five family social variables were administered to the sample of 600 school children aged 6 to 12 years. As shown by Pearson correlation analyses and step-wise regression analyses, the scores of Part One of AAMD ABS that represented the social adaptive competence correlated with age, rearing person, rearing children’s opinion and parents’ attitude for children's act in dealing with problems. These four variables and father’s educational level entered the regression equation. The scores of Part Two of AAMD ABS, which represented the problems in adaptive behaviors and habits, correlated with gender, social atmosphere, rearing children’s opinion, the number of children, rearing persons, rearing types and parents’ attitude for children's act in dealing with problems. There were seven variables in the regression equation: gender, social atmosphere, rearing children’s opinion, the number of child , family type, father’s age at the time of his child born, and father's occupation. The results showed that the adaptive behaviors in school children were related with factors mentioned above.