术语“直接致癌物”的详细信息

英译术语:

direct-acting carcinogen

汉语语境:

直接致癌物是本身直接具有致癌作用，在体内不需要经过代谢活化即可致癌的物质。其化学结构的固有特性是不需要代谢活化即具有亲电子活性（有极少例外），能与亲核分子(包括DNA)共价结合形成加合物(adduct)。这类物质绝大多数是合成的有机物。直接致癌物包含黄曲霉素，N-亚硝基化合物，稠环芳烃类化合物等。

英语语境:

Direct-acting carcinogens are those directly carcinogenic substances, which can be carcinogenic without metabolic activation in the body. The intrinsic characteristics of its chemical structure are electrophilic activity which can be obtained without metabolic activation (few exceptions exist), adducts can be formed through covalent binding with nucleophilic molecules (DNA included). These substances are mostly synthetic organic compounds. Direct-acting carcinogens include: aflatoxin, n-nitroso compounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds and so forth.