术语“地租理论”的详细信息

英译术语:

Theory of Rent

汉语语境:

马克思的地租理论表明，在农业和矿业中，较少的生产劳动在以上所分析的那种一般情况下能决定食品或矿产的市场价值，所以那些效率较高的农场和矿山就会享有超额利润，马克思称之为（土地和矿业）级差地租。马克思的地租理论还认为，只要农业的劳动生产率大体上低于整个经济的平均水平，那么，农业所带来的剩余价值的总数将自然增值，这种增值给了土地所有者兼资本主义农场主，而且它不进入整个经济中利润分配和再分配的总过程。

英语语境:

Marx's Theory of Rent means that in agriculture and mining less productive labour (as in the general case analysed above) determines the market value of food or minerals, and that therefore more efficient farms and mines enjoy surplus profits which Marx calls differential (land and mining) rent. It also means that as long as productivity of labour in agriculture is generally below the average of the economy as a whole, the sum total of surplus-value produced in agriculture will accrue to landowners capitalist farmers taken together, and will not enter the general process of (re)distribution of profit throughout the economy as a whole. It simply means that in agriculture and mining less productive labour (as in the general case analysed above) determines the market value of food or minerals, and that therefore more efficient farms and mines enjoy surplus profits which Marx calls differential (land and mining) rent. It also means that as long as productivity of labour in agriculture is generally below the average of the economy as a whole (or more correctly: that the organic composition of capital, the expenditure in machinery and raw materials as against wages, is inferior in agriculture to that in industry and transportation), the sum total of surplus-value produced in agriculture will accrue to landowners capitalist farmers taken together, and will not enter the general process of (re)distribution of profit throughout the economy as a whole.

英译术语:

Theory of Land Rent

汉语语境:

马克思的地租理论是在批判、继承、发展李嘉图地租理论基础上形成的，两者在地租理论方面有相同之处更有不同之处。李嘉图地租理论是建立在劳动价值论的基础上的，马克思对其给予了高度的评价，但也批判了李嘉图地租理论中的许多错误之处,并阐述了李嘉图错误的原因，在批判的同时继承、发展了他的地租理论，使地租理论成为一个科学和完善的理论。

英语语境:

Marx's Theory of Land Rent was formed on the ground of criticizing, inheriting and developing Ricardo's theory, so they are the same on some aspects and also have differences on some other sides. Ricardo's Theory of Land Rent is established on the basis of labor theory of value, and it was highly praised by Marx. But Marx also criticized lots of mistakes in Ricardo's theory, and he also explained the reasons. At the same time, he inherited and developed Ricardo's theory to make it become a scientific and complete system.