术语“革命”的详细信息

英译术语:

revolution

汉语语境:

在马克思和恩格斯最初在《德意志意识形态》中所提出的历史设想中，主要的思想是以一种生产方式为基础的各个时代彼此更迭的思想；革命从它最全面的意义来说，是从一个时代向另一个时代的剧变性的跃进。在陈旧的制度同争取自由的新的生产力之间，进而从人的关系上来看，在旧秩序内部的上层阶级同下层阶级之间，在以前的阶级同向它挑战的新的阶级之间，各种冲突的汇合，会带来革命，直至社会主义革命阶段，原来被剥削的阶级同新的统治阶级合而为一。

英语语境:

In the scheme of history first sketched by Marx and Engels in the German Ideology, the leading idea was that of a succession of eras each based on a mode of production; and revolution in its fullest sense meant a cataclysmic leap from one of these to the next. It would be brought about by a convergence of conflicts: between old institutions and new productive forces straining for freedom, and, less impersonally, between higher and lower classes within the old order, and between the former and a new class growing up to challenge it, until, at the level of socialist revolution, old exploited class and new dominant class are identical.