术语“历史唯物主义”的详细信息

英译术语:

historical materialism

汉语语境:

历史唯物主义指的是通常所了解的以唯物主义概念来解释历史的那种学说的主体，它构成马克思主义理论的社会科学的核心。根据恩格斯在1892年为《社会主义从空想到科学的发展》写的导言，历史唯物主义这个名词就是用来表达一种关于历史过程的观点，这种观点认为一切历史事件的终极原因和伟大动力是社会的经济发展、生产方式和交换方式的改变，由此产生的社会之划分为不同的阶级，以及这些阶级彼此之间的斗争。严格说来，历史唯物主义并不是一种哲学；把它解释为一种以经验为依据的理论倒是最合适。历史唯物主义的核心命题就是：标志着人类历史发展阶段的不同社会经济组织，它们的兴起或衰落决定于它们是促进还是阻碍社会生产力的发展。

英语语境:

Historical materialism refers to the central body of doctrine, frequently known as the materialist conception of history, which constitutes the social-scientific core of Marxist theory. According to Engels's 1892 introduction to Socialism: Utopian and Scientific, historical materialism “designate that view of the course of history which seeks the ultimate cause and the great moving power of all important historic events in the economic development of society, in the changes in the modes of production and exchange, in the consequent division of society into distinct classes, and in the struggle of these classes against one another. “Historical materialism is not, strictly speaking, a philosophy; rather, it is best interpreted as an empirical theory. The core thesis of historical materialism is that the different socio-economic organizations of production which have characterized human history arise or fall as they enable or impede the expansion of society's productive capacity.