术语“自治”的详细信息

英译术语:

autonomy

汉语语境:

卢梭也主张一个政治上自治的社会是这样一种社会，其中的人民仅受他们为自己制定的法律所约束。康德应用这一概念于道德领域，并把他确立为其伦理学理论的中心概念。一个道德行为者是自治的，如果他的意志不为外界因素所决定，并且这个行为者能仅依据理性而应用法则于自身的话。这样的行为者尊重这些法则，并未他们所约束。在康德看来，自治在某些地方也被看作是与“他律”相对的“自律”。自治与自由相联系，并且是把责任心归属于一个行为者的必要条件。

英语语境:

Rousseau claimed that the people of a politically autonomous society are bound only by the laws that they legislate themselves.Kant applied this notion to the moral domain and established it as a central concept in his ethical theory.A moral agent is autonomous if his will is not determined by external factors and if the agent can apply laws to itself in accordance with reason alone.Such agent respect these laws and are bound only by them.In Kant's opinion, autonomy contrasts with heteronomy in which is controlled by outside factors, including one's desires.Autonomy is linked to freedom and is a necessary condition for ascribing responsibility to an agent.