术语“汉调”的详细信息

英译术语:

Handiao

汉语语境:

清中叶，昆腔的衰落为西皮、二黄声腔的传播和合流提供了契机。于湖北合流的皮黄声腔，被接踵进京的楚伶带到北京的戏曲舞台。道光年间进京的汉调，使北京剧坛为之一变，形成“班曰徽班，调曰汉调”的新局面。以余三胜为代表的楚伶，从剧目构成、声腔板式、伴奏乐器、舞台语言规范等方面对进京的汉调予以全方位改造，直接催生了京剧。从现存的乾隆、嘉庆年间的汉调剧本——“楚曲“29种来看，京剧不仅承袭了汉调的剧目与剧本，而且在分场体制、曲牌体制、演唱体制上，与汉调一脉相承。汉调进京及京剧的诞生，重构了19世纪中国戏曲的格局。

英语语境:

In the midst of the Qing Dynasty, the decline of Kunqu opera provided opportunity for the spreading and recombining of Xipi and Erhuang opera. Pihuang was played in Beijing which recombined in Hubei province. Performed during the reign of Daoguang, Handiao made theatrical circles in Beijing change fully, which created a new situation, namely, the theatrical troupe indicating Huiban, and the tone indicating Handiao. Yu Sansheng and his partners reformed Handiao in the aspect of stock structure, dimensional plate, accompaniment musical instrument, language standard etc, which directly led to the birth of Peking Opera. Through the comparison of early Handiao's and Peking Opera's scripts, it is found that Peking Opera was in accordance with Handiao in script form. Performed in Beijing, Handiao and the birth of Peking Opera reconstructed the new pattern of Chinese opera in 19th century.

英译术语:

Handiaoerhuang

汉语语境:

汉调二黄，以汉江流域为中心，流行于陕西、湖北、湖南、四川、甘肃等地，属于跨地区剧种，尤其在陕西省内发展成为主要剧种之一。悠久的历史和活动班社的众多，留下了珍贵的汉调二黄艺术遗产，安康地区至今保存着汉调二黄的音乐、脸谱、剧目等艺术资料，在京剧和其他相关剧种的产生流传以及中国戏曲文化发展流向等学术研究上，具有重要的作用与价值。

英语语境:

Handiaoerhuang is a transregional Opera , prevalent in the Hanjiang River valley such as the province of Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Gansu and other places. Especially in the province of Shaanxi , the Opera developed as a major one. A long history and activities of the many social classes have left us the precious artistic heritage. Artistic materials of Handiaoerhuang such as music, mask and plays kept in Ankang region plays an important role in value in the Peking Opera and other relevant Opera in terms of spreading formation of cultural development, as well as the academic research of flow of Chinese opera.