术语“百工”的详细信息

英译术语:

all sorts of workmen

汉语语境:

晚商及西周时期手工业者的组织模式是家族式的，其家族长拥有较高的地位。这个时期的“百工”有两个含义，一是指手工业生产家族，二是代指百官。东周以后，手工业者的家族组织逐渐变得松散，工师成为新的领袖，这个时期文献中的“百工”多用来泛指手工业者。 

英语语境:

In the period of late Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties, the craftsmen were organized according to units of family in which the patriarchs had a higher status. During this period, the word Baigong has two kinds of meaning: one is the handicraft production family, and the other is Baiguan. Since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the family organization of craftsmen was destroyed, and Gongshi became a new leader. During this period, the term Baigong meant the general craftsmen.