术语“采木”的详细信息

英译术语:

purchase of lumber

汉语语境:

皇木采办是明代社会的重要内容，商人是明代皇木采办的重要力量。商人对皇木的采办开始于正德年间。商办采木出现的主要原因有补救官办采木的弊端，繁荣的市场为商办采木准备了市场条件等。采木过程包括勘查和砍伐。由于采木地区的恶劣条件以及商办采木本身的弊端使得商办采木没有完全达到预期目的。商办采木实质上是一种加于商人的封建徭役，它给当时的社会和生态环境都带来了危害。

英语语境:

Purchasing lumber for the imperial family was an important part in Ming Dynasty, which appeared during the period of Zhengde. The businessmen were the major force for purchasing lumber. The reason of this phenomenon was that it could remedy the shortcomings of official cutting as well as booming market which further provided good conditions for timber merchants. The process of the purchase of lumber included scouting and chopping. However, due to severe environment conditions for purchasing lumber and the shortcomings of businessman purchasing lumber system, the activities of lumber purchasing didn't come up to expected goals. In fact, it was a kind of obligation imposed on businessmen, which had brought great harms to the society and ecological environment.