术语“皴”的详细信息

英译术语:

texturing (shading)

汉语语境:

李可染墨法的形成，与五四新文化运动、美术革命崇尚科学的信念有着内在的逻辑联系。一些学者从具体作品的分析展开李可染墨法演变历程的研究，从皴、擦、点、染几方面对李可染各个时期的作品展开分析，指出李可染前期作品重视皴法的特征明显，中期转向擦法，后期则特别讲究点染法。并且，这三者之间存在着逻辑上的递进关系，是画家艺术创作理念发展变化的自然结果。从整体上看，李可染墨法的发展是一个将皴法、擦法、点染法完美汇合为墨法的过程。

英语语境:

The formation of Li Keran's ink style had an inner logic connection with the "May-fouth Cultural Movement" and the belief of the art's revolutionary movement that worshipped science. Some scholars carried out researches on the development history of Li Keran's ink style by analyzing his concrete art works. The analyses mainly focus on such techniques as "texturing (shading)", "rubbing", "dotting", "dyeing" used in Li Keran's art works in different periods, and on the basis of the analyses they concluded that "texturing (shading)" was more emphasized in Li Keran's earlier works, then "rubbing" in his mid-term works, and "dotting" and "dyeing" in his later works. Besides, there is a logically progressive link among the three stages, which was the result of natural development of his ideas concerning art creation. Wholly speaking, the development of Li Keran's ink style was a kind of procedure in which he had perfectly converged the techniques of "texturing (shading)", "rubbing", "dotting", "dyeing" into Chinese Calligraphy.

英译术语:

wrinkles (contouring lines)

汉语语境:

董其昌的画法大体可分为两类，一是水墨法，二是青绿设色法。水墨法或以表现笔法为主，山石用笔勾画轮廓后略加皴点，层次清晰，用笔干淡而淳厚，充分显示出笔法的丰富变化和立体感；或以墨代色，用不同深浅变化的墨色表现山石、云烟，强调不同墨色间的对比关系。设色法则或以青绿、或以浅绛色，基本画法和水墨山水相仿，只是更显华滋秀雅。或为设色没骨法，以鲜艳的大红大绿作平面晕染，山石轮廓线用墨极淡，画风鲜艳温润，又不失平淡天真格调。

英语语境:

Dong Qichang’s landscapes were either in ink-and-wash or blue-and-green. Subjects in ink-and-wash paintings are illustrated with various brush-wielding methods. For example, rocks are outlined before being painted with wrinkles (contouring lines). Thus, rocks have clear gradations in seemingly-dull but simple strokes, the rich changes and three-dimensional sense of which can be well shown. Mountains and rocks, and clouds and smoke can be also depicted with black ink in various concentrations, highlighting the difference and contrast in between them. Landscape paintings in color use blue, green or light crimson. The basic painting techniques are similar to those for ink-and-wash landscapes, but color landscapes look more magnificent and graceful. In a color boneless landscape, bright red and green are used for shading, while the mountains and rocks are outlined with extremely light black ink. Such landscape paintings have bright colors and a feeling of moisture; however, they still preserve a simple and naïve style.