术语“木鱼”的详细信息

英译术语:

woodblock

汉语语境:

僧人不许饮酒，这是佛教戒律所严格限定的内容，但是晚唐五代敦煌地区的僧尼不但饮酒、送酒，而且自己直接开酒店盈利，就是寺院也进行各种酿酒活动。僧人蓄财也是非常普遍的行为，上至高级僧官，下至一般僧尼，均可置办家产，拥有土地、奴婢和牲畜。遵守戒律是僧尼区别于世俗之人的显著标志，他们削了发，受了戒，穿上袈裟，敲着木鱼，晨钟朝鼓，从事各种法事活动，形成了种种与众不同的生活习俗。

英语语境:

Although monks are forbidden to drink alcohol by the Buddhist disciplines, this is not true of the Buddhist monks and nuns living in the late Tang dynasty in Dunhuang. At that time, not only the monks were allowed to drink, brew and sell liquor for profit in Dunhuang area, but also the temples carried out such activities. It was a common practice that the monks, from the general ones up to the senior ones, possessed property, such as lands, slaves, live stocks and so on. What made monks different from secular people was complying with the precepts of Buddhist. Monks cut hair, received the tonsure, dressed robes, beat woodblock accompanying by the morning bell and evening drum, took part in all kinds of religious rites, and led a different life from the laity.

英译术语:

wooden fish

汉语语境:

木鱼一词意义的发展变化与佛学世俗化有极大的关系，可以说木鱼的产生发展见证了佛学中国化、世俗化的历程。从早期的的宗教法器到后来的名族乐器，木鱼与佛学一样走了一条世俗化道路。这个过程中由于宗教、文化、音乐的相互渗透与作用，使其逐渐出现了一部分形式与宗教脱离并最终与艺术融合，另一部分形式仍附属于宗教的格局。

英语语境:

The meaning changes of wooden fish are closely related to the secularization of Buddhism, i. e. , the origination and development of wooden fish has witnessed the sinicization and secularization of Buddhism. From the early religious ritual instruments to the later honourable family musical instruments, the wooden fish, like the Buddhism, has taken a path of secularization, during which process a new setup has formed owing to the interaction between religion, culture and music. Specifically, the development of wooden fish has been polarized equally between two forms: one of them was separate from the religion and finally fused with art; the other form was still attached to the religion.