术语“药叉”的详细信息

英译术语:

yaksa

汉语语境:

药叉原是印度神话中一类善良的小神仙，为掌管财宝之神俱毗罗的侍从，住在大神湿婆的神山盖拉莎山。与装饰图案和故事性的浮雕不同，出现在印度桑奇大塔的药叉和药叉女，都是高浮雕或圆雕。随着印度佛教艺术东传中原，药叉女神对中国敦煌石窟艺术中的女性造像产生重大影响。在唐代敦煌石窟壁画中，女性的体态呈现出摆动的“S“状曲线，充满节奏感和动态感，女性服饰妩媚而开放。这些美艳动人形象的源头都可溯源到印度的药叉女。只不过女性的体态减少了过激的动势，而具有中国式的优雅和谐。

英语语境:

The yaksa were a group of kindly fairies in India's myths. They were chamberlains of the god of wealth Kubera and lived in Siva's fairy mountain--- Kailasa. Different from decorative patters and story-telling reliefs, the sculptures of yaksa and the yaksa goddess on the Great Stupa at Sanchi adopted high-relief carving and three-dimensional carving approaches. With India Buddhist art spread to the orient, the yaksa goddess had exerted great impacts on female statues of Dunhuang grottoes. Among the grotto frescoes in Tang dynasty, the posture of the female's body swayed in the shape of S, full of rhythms and dynamics. The female costume looked particularly lovely and fashionable. These stunning images can trace their history back to the yaksa in India's myths. One main difference was that excessive postures and motions of the female body were removed from the India myths, and the statues possessed the Chinese style of elegance and harmony.