术语“收入再分配”的详细信息

英译术语:

income redistribution

汉语语境:

现代主流经济学认为市场竞争中的初始分配收入是有效率的，而收入再分配则是对有效市场的破坏。但实际上，纯粹市场机制往往会抑制效率：一方面，由于个体的有限理性和有限认知以及自然利益冲突，一些不存在帕累托改进的变和博弈领域很难实现最大化的合作租金；另一方面，由于路径依赖效应以及马太效应，一些具有帕累托改进的情形实际上也无法有效推进。相反，通过引入收入再分配机制，这两种情形中的行为都可以得到更好的协调与合作，从而也更有效率。

英语语境:

In modern mainstream economics, initial income distribution under market mechanism is considered efficient, while the income redistribution is known to destroy the efficient market. In fact, the sheer market mechanism often restrains the increase of efficiency. On the one hand, it is difficult to maximize the cooperation rent in the field of variable-sum game with Pareto optimization since individual bounded rationality, limited cognitive and the conflicts of interest. On the other hand, some situation with Pareto optimization is still unable to achieve actually due to path-dependent effects and the Matthew effect. Contrarily, the behavior in both two situations can get coordination and cooperation by adopting a certain mechanism of income redistribution.