术语“农奴制”的详细信息

英译术语:

serf system

汉语语境:

在中世纪史学界，“封建革命“论以11世纪自愿委身现象的增加来论证农奴制的产生和当时西欧向封建社会的急剧转变，而批评者则强调委身者并非农奴，委身并未导致其处境恶化。在11世纪法国圣马丁修道院有关奴仆的文书中，自由人委身为奴往往与婚姻家庭、地产占有、宗教渴求等因素密切关联，而且委身契约灵活多样。不过，奴仆在婚姻家庭、财产权益等方面受到修道院的束缚。

英语语境:

In the medieval historical community, the "feudal revolution" theorists used the increase of voluntary vassalage phenomena in the 11th century to argue for the emergence of serf system and the drastic transformation of Western Europe towards a feudal society, while their critics emphasized that vassals were not serfs, as vassalage had not led to the deterioration of their status. In the documents about servants and serfs of the 11th century preserved in Abbey of St. Martin, the vassalage of a free man was often closely related to his marriage and family, possession of real estate and religious appeal. Moreover, vassalage usually took a variety of forms. However, the vassals were constrained by the abbey in marriage, family and property rights.