术语“举证责任”的详细信息

英译术语:

burden of proof

汉语语境:

举证责任的实质在三大诉讼法上都是将某些法律要件事实的举证义务分配给一方当事人，如果该当事人不能举证或不能证明该法律要件事实，裁判者则做出与该当事人利益相反的“事实拟定”，并以此为基础做出判决。从罗马法到现代，只有两条举证责任的分配原则:原告作为主张的肯定者，负有举证责任，被告作为主张的否定者，不负举证责任；原告作为主张的肯定者，不负举证责任，被告作为主张的否定者，负有举证责任。两条原则分别适用于不同的诉讼领域。

英语语境:

The essence of the burden of proof is the same in three procedural laws. If the party, on whom the burden of proof is imposed, did not fulfill the duty, the judge would determine the case against him. From ancient Rome to the contemporary era, there have been two principles for the allocation of burden of proof: the accuser should prove what he claims to be true, but the defendant needs not to prove the accuser s claim is false; the accuser need not prove what he claims to be true.