术语“掠夺政策”的详细信息

英译术语:

policy of grab

汉语语境:

作为明清基本外贸制度，朝贡一直颇受非议，海禁更被视为因小失大的饮鸩之举。考其实际，海禁并非明清外贸立法的全部，即使在海禁期间也是禁而不止，其消极作用并不如想象中的巨大。而朝贡贸易也并非铁板一块。与宋元时期相比，明清外贸立法的多数内容都属于一个主权国家实施外贸管理的正常范围。故有其正当性，未可厚非。明清海商之所以未能出现哥伦布，根本原因在于封建统治者对海外贸易的放任自流（甚至是驱羊攻虎）和掠夺政策。这也是造成近代中国闭关锁国的根本原因。

英语语境:

As a basic foreign trade rule in Ming and Qing dynasties, the tributary system had provoked severe criticism, and maritime embargo was even considered as to drink poison to quench thirst. But in fact, the maritime embargo could not interpret all legislation during that time, for maritime trade did stop even under embargo, so there were no obvious negative effects. Besides, the tributary trade was not as strict as imagined. Compared with Song and Yuan dynasties, legislations on foreign trade in Ming and Qing dynasties were within the sovereignty to exercise normal administration on foreign trade, thus the justifiability was beyond doubt. The core reason why maritime commerce was not as prosperous as Columbia in Spain lies in the federal ruler's policy of laissez-faire on overseas trade and policy of grab, accounting for the restraints and seclusion of China in late Qing dynasty.