术语“秘密侦查”的详细信息

英译术语:

secret investigation

汉语语境:

监控型秘密侦查是一类特殊的侦查手段，它的实施对公民基本权利的影响甚大，因此两大法系各国大多通过立法加以规定并进行相应的制度设计。本文以英国、美国、德国和日本的监控型秘密侦查为代表，对该类侦查手段的不同类型、适用原则和程序控制等方面进行比较研究。

英语语境:

The secret investigation of monitoring is one kind of special investigation method, and its implementation will affect the citizen s basic rights, so most countries in two legal systems have stipulated it by the legislation, and designed corresponding systems. The article takes Britain;s, America's, Germany's and Japan's monitoring secret investigation as the representatives, having compared and studied the different types, the applied principle and the programmed control of this investigation method, and so on.

英译术语:

cryptic spy

汉语语境:

秘密侦查的正当性,源于犯罪控制与个人自治利益的价值冲突与合理平衡。但是,任何合理的价值平衡都不能仅仅停留在理念层次,它必须而且也只能通过一系列的原则、程序与规则的制定和实施来具体展示。我们应根据秘密侦查措施强制性程度的序位,依次确定大小不等的适案范围;在适用上,通常遵循必要性原则和比例原则,并区分司法令状与行政令状程序。

英语语境:

Legitimacy of cryptic spy derives from conflict and balance of criminal control and individual interest in autonomy. However, balance which should not be only in notion must be embodied by a series of principles, constitution and execution of procedures and regulations. Scope of legitimacy should be determined by the order of compulsion degrees of cryptic spy. In practice, necessity principle and proportion principle must be followed and judicature and executive procedure must be distinguished.

英译术语:

covert investigation

汉语语境:

秘密侦查在全球范围内的兴起主要有三个方面的背景与原因:其一,犯罪类型与形式中有组织犯罪与隐形犯罪愈发突出;其二,常规侦查手段的控制日益严格,许多国家将秘密侦查作为疏通管道;其三,社会结构正在向陌生人社会、工业化社会、多元社会转变。

英语语境:

Covert Investigation got great developments around the world due to three main reasons: firstly organization crimes and invisible crimes are becoming more and more common and serious; secondly many countries controlled ordinary investigatory measures more and more strictly,so covert investigation is regarded as alternative measures for police to crackdown crimes legally and effectively; lastly the society is transferring from a agricultural,single-trend and familiar society to a industrial, multi-trend and stranger society.