术语“人头税”的详细信息

英译术语:

capitation

汉语语境:

凤凰山汉简是研究西汉赋税的重要资料。与以往对此研究焦点多集中在赋税额度上不同，本文则从地方财政角度重新审视这批简牍，以“口钱”为切入点，认为凤凰山汉简所载的“口钱”条目并不是向未成年人征收的人头税，也不是简单意义上向成年人征收的人头税，而是与简牍上其它条目一样，是地方财政的一部分，用来供给地方行政长官的公务费用。

英语语境:

The bamboo-slip texts unearthed at the Phoenix Mountain are very informative about the taxation system in the West Han Dynasty. Rather than focusing on the tax rate, our research took a different examination of these texts from the perspective of local fiscal and taxation system with kouqian (mouth money) as the keyword. It has been found that the entry of kouqian in the texts refers neither to the capitation levied on teenagers nor to the capitation levied on adults in the conventional sense. Like other entries in the texts, it is actually part of the fiscal revenue of the local government, which is used to cover the local government's operating expenses.