术语“功能主义”的详细信息

英译术语:

functionalism

汉语语境:

当今俄罗斯语言学中功能语法是一个引人注目的研究领域。俄罗斯功能语法的思想渊源是俄罗斯传统的功能主义思想和布拉格学派的理论，它在产生背景、研究方法、研究内容等方面都与西方的功能语法有较为明显的差别。俄罗斯功能语法的两个主要研究视角是“由里及表”和“由表及里”，以此为基础形成的功能语法流派大致分为：以邦达尔科为代表的语义功能主义、以佐洛托娃为代表的结构功能主义、以弗谢沃洛多娃为代表的交际功能主义、以舍利亚金为代表的言语功能主义和以梅里丘克为代表的认知功能主义。

英语语境:

This article gives a survey of the Russian functional grammar, which occupies a prominent place in contemporary Russian linguistics. The Russian functional grammar originates in the traditional thought of Russian functionalism and the theory of Prague School, and differs significantly from the Western functional grammar in terms of background, research methodology and research content. The Russian functional grammar distinguishes itself in two primary research perspectives: 'from surface to depth'and 'from depth to surface'. Other distinct features associated with the grammar which are discussed in this paper include the main schools of contemporary Russian functional grammar and their respective theories: semantic functionalism, structural functionalism, communicative functionalism, speech functionalism and cognitive functionalism.