术语“联邦制”的详细信息

英译术语:

federalism

汉语语境:

美国是第一个建立起现代联邦制的国家，它的联邦制度已经比较稳定地存在了200多年，在美国的政治生活中发挥了重要的作用，堪称联邦制的典型，对于其他国家解决和处理中央与地方关系的问题也提供了较大的借鉴意义。联邦制原则是美国宪法的主要原则之一，他的主要设计者就是麦迪逊。托克维尔认为，美国的联邦制是美国的一项重要的政治制度，通过这种制度使得各个区域在相当程度上得以自治，联邦则是交由宪法管理。

英语语境:

America is the first country to establish Modern federalism, which has firmly existed more than 200 years, and played an important role in American political lives. It is an emblematical federalism, which offers reference for other countries to solve the relations between central government and local government. Federalism is one of the major principles in American constitution, which was invented by James Madison. Alexis de Tocqueville thought that federalism was one of the most important political rules, through which every area could become regional autonomy; and the whole commonwealth was ruled by constitution. He thought that it was the trait of democracy which was that rights were centralized by legislature.

英译术语:

federation

汉语语境:

苏联解体之后的俄罗斯,是一个混合型的联邦制国家。其联邦成员,主要是依据民族和行政区域原则进行划分。自俄罗斯独立之后,伴随着地方主权运动的兴起,其领导者叶利钦对联邦制进行了一些变革和完善。普京就任总统之后,又在巩固和加强联邦制的方面,采取了有效的措施,给国家的体制建设带来了较大进展。梅德韦杰夫的改革举措,与普京的改革措施也是一以贯之。

英语语境:

Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union, construct the federal state combining the principles of the mixed ethnic areas and administrative regions. After its independence, along with the struggle of local autonomy movements, the leader of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin did a certain degree of improvement and change on the federal system; after Putin came to power, he took a series of measures on the consolidation of federalism and national unity, so national institutions have made considerable progress; today Medvedev's reform measures is consistent Putin's reform.