术语“副山长”的详细信息

英译术语:

Fu Shan Zhang (teacher)

汉语语境:

书院兴起于唐代。其时书院分官办与民办两种，都有一套严格的教学、行政管理组织，主持人称山长、山主或洞正、洞堂等。教学人员称副山长、助教、书佛等。书院经济独立，有学田作为经费来源。并有由私人捐赠或国家颁发的图书供教学之用。 宋代时书院发展到鼎盛阶段，这与当时太学所暴露出的各种腐败弊端有关。

英语语境:

The Academy dates back to Tang Dynasty, during which time it can be divided into public ones and private ones, both of which have a strict teaching and administration organization. The headmaster is called Shan Zhang, Shan Zhu or Dong Zheng, Dong Tang, while the teachers are called Fu Shan Zhang (teacher), Shu Fo, etc. The Academy is econimically independent, their fundings mainly come from the Academy's farming land. Besides, it has books donated by individuals or established by the country for teaching. The Academy reach the peak in Song dynasty, which closely related to the corruption in Tai Xue.